With their speedy reactions and smart thinking, monkeys entertain us. But those clever, fast actions weren’t developed just for our amusement – they’re essential adaptations to living in complex societies high up in the treetops. These highly social mammals live in groups of females and males, and display a diverse array of behaviors that allow them to form relationships, build offspring, care for others and solve problems together.
Monkeys use a variety of vocalizations, facial expressions and body movements to communicate with one another. Staring, for instance, may seem like a sign of friendship to us, but to monkeys it’s an aggressive threat that could provoke a fight. They also use grunts, squeaks, barks and hoots to mark their territory. Some species, such as the cotton-topped tamarin and owl monkeys, are strictly nocturnal.
Their long limbs and prehensile tails help monkeys navigate through the branches of the rainforest canopy. They’re often seen pollinating plants or dispersing seeds, too. Some species, such as the jaguar and puma, even swim to get across rivers. And some, such as the snow monkeys of Japan, have thick fur to survive the harsh conditions of their northern range.
The TNPRC has a nursery where infant monkeys are fed, kept warm and watched carefully to ensure their health and development. They’re then placed with other monkeys or with especially patient older monkeys, such as a troop’s grandmother or mother, who will care for them until they’re ready to join a troop of their own at around 3 to 4 years of age.