The Diet of Monkeys

Monkeys use vocalizations, facial expressions and body movements to communicate within their large groups. Their prehensile tails are especially handy for holding on while they reach for flowers, fruits, leaves, nuts, seeds and even birds’ eggs, lizards, spiders and small mammals. Some monkey species have adapted to specific environments. For example, Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata), also known as snow monkeys, live in areas that get covered with snow for a good portion of the year. Their thick fur helps them survive in frigid temperatures that would kill a human.

Although most monkeys are omnivores, their diets tilt heavily toward plant matter. For example, a study of New World monkeys found that meat and animal products make up only about 6% of their caloric intake. Plants, on the other hand, account for 90% of their calories.

Regardless of the type of food, monkeys need a balanced diet that includes a mix of sugary fruit, carbohydrates, fiber and protein as well as water. Without adequate amounts of each, the monkeys’ health can decline. Sadly, some monkeys will even resort to getting down on the ground and eating dirt if there is no other choice.

In order to stay healthy, the monkeys must avoid some types of plants that are toxic or have been found to contain poisonous chemicals. In the wild, monkeys learn about which foods are safe to eat from their families and other group members. They also sniff or taste food to confirm its safety before consuming it.